Specyfikacja akumulatora: napięcie znamionowe i pojemność
Data wydania: 2026-03-10
Pojemność znamionowa
Rated capacity refers to the minimum discharge capacity a battery provides under defined operating conditions, including temperature, discharge rate, and cut-off voltage. It is measured in ampere-hours (Ah).
Since battery capacity is heavily influenced by discharge rate, the rate is typically indicated by an Arabic numeral subscript next to C. For example, C₂₀ = 50 means the battery delivers 50 Ah when discharged over a 20-hour period.
The theoretical capacity can be precisely calculated using the mass of active materials in the cell reaction and their electro-chemical equivalents based on Faraday’s Law. In practice, however, actual capacity is usually lower than theoretical capacity due to side reactions within the battery and design limitations.
Napięcie znamionowe
Rated voltage, also known as nominal voltage, is the standard operating voltage of a battery under normal room-temperature conditions. It serves as a key reference when selecting batteries for different applications.
The actual operating voltage equals the difference between the equilibrium electrode potentials of the positive and negative electrodes, and varies slightly with operating conditions. Importantly, it depends only on the type of electrode active materials, not their quantity.
Battery voltage is inherently direct current (DC). Under certain special conditions, slight voltage fluctuations—known as electrical noise—may occur due to metal crystal phase changes or film-forming reactions at the electrodes. These fluctuations have small amplitude but a wide frequency range, allowing them to be distinguished from circuit-generated self-excited noise.
